Dr. Muhammad Iqbal (Allama Iqbal)

Dr.Muhammad Iqbal(AllamaIqbal)

Sir Muhammad Iqbal (Allama Iqbal) 

Sir Muhammad Iqbal (commonly known as Allama Iqbal) was a renowned poet, philosopher, and politician from British India. He is widely recognized as the "Spiritual Father of Pakistan" due to his role in inspiring the Pakistan Movement. His poetry, written in Urdu and Persian, explored themes of self-identity, spirituality, and revival of the Muslim world.

Dr.Muhammad Iqbal(AllamaIqbal)


Early Life and Education:

  • Born: November 9, 1877
  • Birthplace: Sialkot, Punjab (then British India, now in Pakistan)
  • Family Background: Kashmiri Muslim family with a history of scholarship and religious devotion.

Education:

  • Sialkot: Early education in Arabic, Persian, and Islamic studies.
  • Government College, Lahore: Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in philosophy and literature.
  • University of Cambridge (UK): Studied law and philosophy.
  • University of Munich (Germany): Earned a Doctorate (PhD) in Philosophy in 1908.

Literary Contributions:

Iqbal was a prolific poet and thinker. His Persian and Urdu poetry inspired Muslims in India and beyond.

Major Works:

In Persian:
  1. Asrar-i-Khudi (Secrets of the Self) – 1915
  2. Rumuz-i-Bekhudi (Mysteries of Selflessness) – 1918
  3. Payam-e-Mashriq (Message of the East) – 1923
  4. Javid Nama (Book of Eternity) – 1932
In Urdu:
  1. Bang-e-Dara (The Call of the Marching Bell) – 1924
  2. Bal-e-Jibril (Gabriel’s Wing) – 1935
  3. Zarb-e-Kalim (The Rod of Moses) – 1936
  4. Armughan-e-Hijaz (Gift of the Hejaz) – 1938

His poetry focused on:

  • Khudi (Selfhood): Encouraging Muslims to realize their potential.
  • Islamic Revival: Advocating for spiritual and political awakening.
  • Anti-Colonialism: Criticizing Western imperialism.

Political Influence & Role in Pakistan Movement:

  • Member of the All India Muslim League – Advocated for Muslim rights in India.
  • Presidential Address (1930): Iqbal proposed the idea of a separate Muslim state (which later became Pakistan).
  • Advisor to Muhammad Ali Jinnah: His letters and advice greatly influenced Jinnah’s leadership.

Iqbal did not live to see Pakistan's creation in 1947, but his vision laid the foundation for it.

Recognition and Legacy:

  • "Mufakkir-e-Pakistan" (Thinker of Pakistan)
  • "Shair-e-Mashriq" (Poet of the East)
  • National Poet of Pakistan
  • Iqbal Day: November 9 – A national holiday in Pakistan.
  • Tombs and Memorials: Buried near the Badshahi Mosque, Lahore.
  • Iqbal Academy: Preserves and promotes his work.

Death:

  • Died: April 21, 1938 (aged 60)
  • Cause of Death: Prolonged illness.

Final Words:

Allama Iqbal’s poetry, philosophy, and political vision continue to inspire millions. His call for self-discovery and empowerment remains relevant in modern times.

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