who win the 2025 Pak India War
who win the 2025 Pak India War ;
On 23rd April 2025, there was an India-Pakistan standoff, which
followed the 2025 Pahalgam attack on the previous day, a terrorist attack on
the Baisaran Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, killing 27 individuals, 25 Hindu
pilgrims, a Christian pilgrim, and a Muslim native of the region, and leaving
over 20 others injured. The Resistance Front (TRF) took initial credit for the
attack. Gunfight exchanges between India and Pakistan were reported across the
Line of Control (LoC) starting from 24 April, causing concerns of increased
violence between the two nuclear-powered neighbours. A ceasefire was issued on
10 May 2025 at 16:30 PKT/17:00 IST after India and Pakistan reached an
understanding. After the deadline, both nations blamed each other for breaching
the ceasefire pact. This was preceded by the standoffs between India and
Pakistan, where the Indian government accused the Pakistanis of staging the
attack. India began the expulsion of Pakistan's diplomats, withdrew its diplomats,
suspended visa services, closed its border, and declared its withdrawal from
the Indus Waters Treaty, while Pakistan swiftly denied the allegations and
instead called for an international inquiry, which Delhi again rejected.
Pakistan reacted in the beginning with trade restrictions, closure of borders
and airspace, and suspension of the Shimla Agreement. India's Cabinet Committee
on Security (CCS) also urged very strongly that Indian citizens not travel to
Pakistan, and requested those who were there already to leave at the earliest
available opportunity. Pakistan and India fought skirmishes with cross-border
firing and intermittent shelling between 24 April and 6 May. On May 7, 2025,
India conducted missile attacks on Pakistan, whose code name was Operation
Sindoor. The missile attacks were aimed at the militant organizations
Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba, as per India. The Pakistani civilian
targets, including mosques, were hit by the Indian attacks, as per Pakistan,
killing 31 Pakistani civilians. In retaliation, Pakistan claimed to have shot
down several Indian aircraft and destroyed Indian infrastructure.
There are several disinformation campaigns in both countries'
media after the strike.
Background;
An Islamist armed rebellion erupted in Jammu and Kashmir in the
late 1980s, which led to the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus from the area and the
rebellion has continued since.
On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack on Baisaran Valley close
to Pahalgam in the Anantnag district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir
killed at least 26 tourists and left over 20 others injured. Eyewitness
accounts given to Indian media sources indicate that attackers allegedly asked
potential victims their religious identity before firing, targeting non-Muslims
in particular.
The attack turned into one of the most lethal attacks on Indian
civilians in the region since 2000. The Resistance Front (TRF), suspected to be
an offshoot of Pakistan-based, UN-listed terrorist organization
Lashkar-e-Taiba, first claimed the attack. They said that the attack was in
protest against Indian government policy permitting Indian citizens to work and
reside in Kashmir, leading to non-local settlement in the region. Four days
after, they withdrew their claim.
Diplomatic crisis;
On the evening of 23 April 2025, Indian foreign secretary Vikram
Misri addressed a special press briefing following a meeting with the CCS.
He announced that India's temporary suspension of the Indus
Waters Treaty with Pakistan would come into effect immediately until Pakistan
stops its support for cross-border terrorism. He also announced closing down of
the integrated check post at Attari–Wagah Border, imposition of travel
restrictions on all Pakistani nationals to India under the SAARC Visa Exemption
Scheme, and revocation of all visas already issued.
To complement that, Pakistani military advisers stationed at the
Pakistan High Commission in New Delhi were expelled, as were their Indian
counterparts stationed in Islamabad, and the strength of the Indian High
Commission in Islamabad was cut back from 55 to a minimum of 30. The position
of such military advisors was considered abolished. Pakistan's Foreign Ministry
sent condolences to the victims' families, and its defense minister Khawaja
Asif rejected the claims of his nation's involvement in the attack and
considered such incidents as revolutions. But in an interview with Sky News, in
response to accusations of terrorism, Asif stated that Pakistan had supported
terrorist activities on the orders of United States, Britain and the West for
the past three decades. Pakistan reacted to the suspension of the treaty by
terming it as unsuitable and not serious. Pakistan also issued a warning to
India of total reprisal for the steps declared by the Indian government
following the incident, also adding that any move relating to water resources
would qualify as an act of war.
On 24 April, Pakistan cancelled visas given to Indian citizens
and shut its airspace to Indian flights, expelled Indian envoys and asked
Indian military advisors to leave the country by no later than the 30 April.
The Kartarpur Corridor, however, was kept open to Sikh pilgrims. Pakistan also severed all trade with India. Pakistan also suspended the Simla Agreement, on 24 April 2025 in response. The Attari–Wagah border ceremony too was curtailed and the symbolic handshake was not performed. Cross-border families were impacted where their visas were cancelled.
Escalation ;
Initial standoff ;
A combined cordon and search operation was launched by the
Indian Army, paramilitary troops, and Jammu and Kashmir Police. A temporary
lockdown had been clamped on Pahalgam, and Indian Army helicopters were sent to
hunt down the militants, who had fled to the upper slopes of the Pir Panjal
range, according to reports.
On 25 April, two houses of people who were believed to have been
involved in the attack on Pahalgam were bulldozed by soldiers.
One Indian soldier was shot and killed and another two soldiers
injured during a shootout with insurgents in the Basantgarh area of Udhampur.
Senior Lashkar-e-Taiba commander Altaf Lalli was also martyred
in the exchange of gunfire. Both Pakistani and Indian air forces made intense
sorties along the LoC. One Indian Border Security Force soldier of the 182nd
battalion of the BSF was detained by Pakistan Rangers when he crossed
inadvertently onto the Pakistani side of the Ferozepur border. Also on 24
April, the Indian XV Corps reported that it had repelled an infiltration bid by
insurgents in the area around Uri and killed 2 insurgents. From 24 April to 5
May, Indian and Pakistani armies were involved in clashes and exchanged small
arms fire. Pakistan's army reportedly opened small arms fire along different
sectors along the LoC, which was termed as "unprovoked" by Indian
media. The Pakistan army said it destroyed two Indian military quadcopter
drones along the LoC in the Satwal sector and the Manawar sector of Bhimber
district. On 28 April, Pakistani Defense Minister Asif reported that an Indian
armed attack was "imminent". On 30 April, Pakistan said it has
"credible intelligence" that India is going to open the military
attack within several hours.
At midnight on 29 April, Pakistani troops fired across the
international border along Kashmir.
On 1 May, Indian Home Minister Amit Shah asserted that no such
terrorist who participated in the attack would be spared by India.
On 3 May, a Pakistani Rangers soldier was apprehended by BSF
after entering India.
On 5 May, the Indian Home Ministry declared an "effective civil defence in the event of a hostile attack" on 7 May in 7 states. India has conducted such exercises last in 1971. According to reports, the drill covers operationalisation of Air Raid Warning Sirens, crash blackout actions, training of civilians in civil defence and evacuation schemes.
Release of river water;
After the temporary suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 on 23 April 2025, Pakistani local media in Muzaffarabad on 26 and 27 April said India had let out water from the Uri Dam into the Jhelum River without an announcement, causing a flood. Further reports also showed a drastic drop in the water levels of the Chenab River in Sialkot, Pakistan, as satellite images depicted extensive desiccation of the riverbed. India had on 4 May 2025 shut down the Baglihar Dam on the Chenab River and was similarly contemplating doing so at the Kishanganga Dam on the Neelum River.
Missile strikes and escalation;
During the night of 6/7 May, India conducted "Operation
Sindoor", targeting what it termed as "terrorist infrastructure"
in Pakistan. The operation lasted for 23 minutes in the form of missile attacks
by IAF aircraft. Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh stated on 8 May that a
minimum of 100 militants had been killed in the attacks.
The missile attacks of Operation Sindoor, as per India, were on
the camps and infrastructure of militant organizations Jaish-e-Mohammed and
Lashkar-e-Taiba and did not involve any Pakistani military installations. The
Indian attacks hit civilian targets, including mosques, killing 31 Pakistani
civilians, according to Pakistan. There were subsequent border skirmishes and
drone strikes between the two nations.
On 10 May, Pakistan initiated an operation dubbed
"Operation Bunyan al-Marsus" against various Indian military camps.
In turn, India also kept Operation Sindoor running, extending its scope towards
targeting Pakistani military establishments. This conflict was the first drone
war between the two nuclear powers.
.jpeg "who win the 2025 Pak India War")
Responses;
United Nations;
The United Nations requested that both sides exercise
"maximum restraint" and settle the differences diplomatically.
Iran;
On 25 April, the Islamic Republic of Iran offered to broker a
resolution with an objective of de-escalation between Pakistan and India.
Russia;
Russia issued a travel warning in April 2025, advising its
citizens not to travel to Pakistan after the Pahalgam attack in Jammu and
Kashmir. The warning was due to heightened security threats within the region
Others;
The United Kingdom also made a similar warning at the same time, specifically mentioning the LoC. China's Foreign Minister, Wang Yi, called for de-escalation between the two nations. Bangladesh and UAE came out in favor of peace talks.
United States;
The U.S. State Department revised its travel advisory, putting
India's Jammu and Kashmir under a Level 4 "Do Not Travel" warning,
indicating high threats of terrorism and civil unrest.
Furthermore, the U.S.
New Delhi embassy stated it is carefully following the matter
and urged that the culprits be taken to court and reaffirmed support for
India's fight against terrorism.
Subsequently, on 26 April 2025, President Donald Trump dismissed
the diplomatic crisis, saying the two countries "had that fight for 1,500
years", even though the Kashmir Crisis began in 1947. United States Secretary
of State Marco Rubio said that he is closely following the developments after
being called by National Security Advisor of India Ajit Doval over the phone
after Operation Sindoor.
As per US reports, the Indian air strikes were aimed at
terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and comprised a Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM)
camp in Bahawalpur. The camp was previously connected with the 2002 kidnapping
and killing of Wall Street Journal journalist Daniel Pearl. The operation
resulted in the killing of Abdul Rauf Azhar a top JeM commander and brother of
Masood Azhar, who was accused of orchestrating the beheading of Pearl.
India;
Indian diaspora members protested outside the High Commission of
Pakistan, London
The Government of India later imposed a ban on some YouTube
channels based in Pakistan for circulating inflammatory and communally
sensitive material, along with false narratives against the nation, its Army,
and security agencies, and an Instagram account ban on some Pakistani
celebrities. Up to 8 May 2025, the escalation has resulted in huge disruptions
in air traffic throughout the region. India has shut down 27 airports in its
western and northern parts until 10 May, which has led to more than 430 flights
being cancelled. Key Indian airlines such as Air India, IndiGo, and SpiceJet
have halted flights to and from the impacted regions. International airlines
like Lufthansa, KLM, Singapore Airlines, and Thai Airways have diverted flights
to bypass Pakistani skies, increasing journey times and delays on trans-European
and trans-Asian routes.
Pakistan has also halted flights from major airports, such as
Karachi, Lahore, and Sialkot, until further notice.
The situation is in flux, with both nations' skies facing
closures and diversions, affecting global aviation networks.
Pakistan
In May 2025 a group of Pakistani actors such as Andan Siqqudi
and Ghulam Mohiuddin appealed for peace negotiations highlighting the
imperative of urgency in dialogue and understanding to achieve harmony and
conflict resolution.
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